Xiamen Bureau Directory on ChinaRoots - Digital Local Chronicleshttps://chinaroots.org/en/tags/xiamen-bureau-directory/Recent content in Xiamen Bureau Directory on ChinaRoots - Digital Local ChroniclesHugoen-usFri, 03 Apr 2026 15:00:00 +0800Credit Across the Pacific: A Study of the Directory and Flows of '196' Qiaopi Bureaus in 1931 Amoyhttps://chinaroots.org/en/posts/xiamen-qiaopi-1931/Fri, 03 Apr 2026 15:00:00 +0800https://chinaroots.org/en/posts/xiamen-qiaopi-1931/Drawing from the 'Xiamen Local Chronicles' and 'Xiamen Finance Records', this article reconstructs the network of 196 Qiaopi bureaus at their peak in 1931. Core data indicates that between 1905 and 1949, Xiamen absorbed approximately [580 million USD] in remittances. The article lists representative bureaus like Tian Yi and Zheng Rongshun, mapping their global branch networks and revealing the informal financial mechanisms, such as 'Shen-Hong' arbitrage and the 'Shuike' delivery system, that sustained the economic lifeline of Southern Fujian.